Volcanic Eruption Risk

Volcanic eruptions are among the most powerful and destructive natural hazards, capable of causing sudden loss of life, large-scale displacement, and long-lasting impacts on ecosystems and the global climate. Hazards from eruptions include lava flows, ash clouds, pyroclastic flows, lahars (volcanic mudflows), toxic gases, and secondary effects such as landslides and tsunamis.

Globally, more than 800 million people live within 100 km of active volcanoes, with many residing in densely populated regions such as the Pacific “Ring of Fire.” Between 2000 and 2023, volcanic eruptions caused billions of dollars in damages, major air traffic disruptions, and widespread health issues from ash inhalation and water contamination. T

he risks are heightened by population growth in volcanic zones, limited monitoring infrastructure, and insufficient preparedness measures in developing countries. Beyond local impacts, large eruptions can inject ash and aerosols into the stratosphere, altering global weather patterns and disrupting international trade and travel.

Effective volcanic risk management requires continuous monitoring, hazard modeling, and early warning systems. Using satellite remote sensing (thermal, radar, optical, and gas detection), ground deformation analysis, and real-time ash plume tracking, we provide critical insights for anticipating eruptions, mapping hazards, and assessing post-event impacts. These tools support civil protection agencies, aviation authorities, and local communities in reducing risks and improving preparedness for volcanic events.